Co-contraction also increased in extremely slow and very high tempi. Results: Findings indicate that reduced co-contraction resulted in more even drumming performance. Electromyography was used to record muscle activation of wrist flexor and extensor muscles. Methods: Eleven expert drummers (ED) and eleven amateur drummers (AD) were recorded using 3D motion capture while performing five different uni-manual and bi-manual repetitive drumming tasks across different tempi. In this study we examine how muscle activation patterns develop with increased drumming expertise. In drumming, co-contraction can lead to increased movement variability and greater fatigue over time. In contrast, simultaneous contraction of antagonist muscles is an inefficient muscle activation pattern. Muscle activation patterns that involve reciprocal contraction of antagonist muscles are particularly favorable as they enable a high level of muscular economy while maintaining performance.
Deploying specific muscle activation patterns may help achieve these requirements. 3Music Cognition and Action Research Group (MCA), MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour & Development, Western Sydney University (WSU), Sydney, NSW, Australiaīackground and Aim: Drumming requires excellent motor control and temporal coordination.2Digital and Cognitive Musicology Lab (DCML), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.1Institut für Musikermedizin (IMM), Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber, Dresden, Germany.Herff 2,3, Bryony Buck 1, Gerard Breaden Madden 1 and Hans-Christian Jabusch 1
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